![]() Quite commonly, azimuths or compass bearings are stated in a system in which either north or south can be the zero, and the angle may be measured clockwise or anticlockwise from the zero. Any direction can be the reference vector, as long as it is clearly defined. There are exceptions: some navigation systems use south as the reference vector. Moving clockwise on a 360 degree circle, east has azimuth 90°, south 180°, and west 270°. Today, the reference plane for an azimuth is typically true north, measured as a 0° azimuth, though other angular units (grad, mil) can be used. Azimuth has also been more generally defined as a horizontal angle measured clockwise from any fixed reference plane or easily established base direction line. In land navigation, azimuth is usually denoted alpha, α, and defined as a horizontal angle measured clockwise from a north base line or meridian. The concept is used in navigation, astronomy, engineering, mapping, mining, and ballistics.Īzimuth Marker, Mount Allen (Sandstone Peak), Southern California, USA. ![]() ![]() Īzimuth is usually measured in degrees (°). The azimuth is the angle between the north vector and the star's vector on the horizontal plane. a circular area 5 km in radius at sea level) around an observer on Earth's surface, and the reference vector points to true north. The star is the point of interest, the reference plane is the local area (e.g. When used as a celestial coordinate, the azimuth is the horizontal direction of a star or other astronomical object in the sky. The vector from an observer (origin) to a point of interest is projectedperpendicularly onto a reference plane the angle between the projected vector and a reference vector on the reference plane is called the azimuth. The azimuth is the angle formed between a reference direction (in this example north) and a line from the observer to a point of interest projected on the same plane as the reference direction orthogonal to the zenith.Īn azimuth ( / Ë Ã¦ z ɪ m É Î¸/ ( listen) from Arabic اÙÙسÙÙÙ ÙÙتâ as-sumÅ«t, âthe directionsâ, the plural form of the Arabic noun اÙسÙÙÙ Ùت as-samt, meaning 'the direction') is an angular measurement in a spherical coordinate system. ![]()
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